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TIME: Almanac 1995
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1995-02-24
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<text id=94TT0352>
<title>
Apr. 04, 1994: Salve Festa Dies, Baby
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
Apr. 04, 1994 Deep Water
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
THE ARTS & MEDIA, Page 82
Classical Music
Salve Festa Dies, Baby
</hdr>
<body>
<p>Never before on the charts in 1,300 years, Gregorian chant has
suddenly become America's newest pop-music phenomenon
</p>
<p>By John Elson--Reported by Daniel S. Levy/New York
</p>
<p> It may have been superseded by pious folk-rock in the Roman
Catholic churches that gave it birth, but the ethereal, sinuous
style of monophonic singing known as Gregorian chant is still
alive and well, thank you. In the year's biggest musical surprise,
a recording of Gregorian melodies sung by Benedictine monks
from the abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos in Spain has suddenly
become a monster hit. Issued, appropriately enough, by Angel,
Chant has sold more than 220,000 copies in its first two weeks
of release. The album is already No. 1 on the classical charts
as well as 47 in the pop rankings, and a video is on the way.
Even more improbably, Chant is getting airtime on alternative-rock
stations. In Europe deejays have played revved-up versions of
Gregorian chant for dancing at nightclubs--and their U.S.
counterparts may soon be following suit.
</p>
<p> Gregorian--more properly known as plainchant or plainsong--first surfaced as a popular phenomenon last year in Spain,
where a two-disc version of Chant sold 325,000 copies in four
months. The Benedictines' run-down 8th century abbey in northern
Spain became a Mecca for music lovers, who came in throngs to
hear the monks chant their communal prayers seven times a day.
All this attention has flummoxed the abbey's 36 residents. "You
have to understand," said one, "we are not rock stars."
</p>
<p> The majority of Chant purchasers are ages 16 to 25, seemingly
hooked on Gregorian's timeless, otherworldly quality. Angel
has shrewdly given the album a New Age-ish appeal, with a Magritte-like
cover painting of brown-robed clerics suspended in space and
an ad campaign with the theme "Prepare for the Millennium."
The basic appeal of the album, says Father Jerome Weber, a Catholic
priest and an expert on chant, is "simplicity, purity and mysticism.
There is an intuition of the beyond, both in the recording and
in the way people are hearing it."
</p>
<p> The origins of plainchant are obscure. The music takes its name
from Pope Gregory I (A.D. 590-604), but probably developed in
the Carolingian empire--part of which is now Germany--during
the 8th and 9th centuries. There may be as many as 11,000 Gregorian
melodies, ranging from relatively simple psalm settings to elaborate
tropes that were included in the Mass. The Second Vatican Council's
reforms, particularly the mandated use of vernacular instead
of Latin liturgies, relegated chant to a few churches and religious
communities like Santo Domingo de Solis that kept the old ways
as best they could.
</p>
<p> Gregorian seems to have a trancelike effect on its fans. The
Anonymous 4 is a New York City-based quartet of women who have
developed a cult following for their authentic performances
of Gregorian chant and other medieval music. Susan Hellauer,
a member of the group, says, "The most common single comment
we get from audiences is that they were `transported.' " There
is a certain irony here. Chant was composed to serve and honor
spiritual texts, but it seems unlikely that its new fans are
paying much heed to the Latin words. After all, would they really
be out there dancing to Salve Festa Dies (Hail, Festive Day)
if they knew that one verse of this hymn contains the dour plea
"Break the chains of hell, the shadows of the dungeon/ And call
up again whatever has fallen into the abyss"?
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>